Paddle Electrode

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– Paddle-shaped electrode
– Reusable
– Applicable in gene transfer to embryos in vitro and in vivo gene transfer

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Product Introduction

Paddle electrodes are reusable paddle-shaped electrodes specifically designed for gene transfer in laboratory (in vitro) and in vivo environments. The paddle-like structure of these electrodes creates a wide contact surface, effectively increasing the permeability of the cell membrane by generating a uniform electric field. These electrodes work non-invasively, meaning they operate without the need to insert a needle into tissues, thus minimizing tissue damage. They are also easy to clean and can be immediately reused after sample injection, which makes them suitable for repeated use in various experiments.

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In in vivo applications, paddle electrodes are used for gene transfer into living tissues in animal models such as mouse muscles or skin. They are also used in vitro for gene transfer into samples like animal embryos or cell cultures, such as the transfer of genes into mouse embryos. In both cases, the electroporation method, as a multi-step and efficient process for delivering genetic molecules into cells, is recognized, and paddle electrodes are considered an advanced tool for this purpose. It is worth noting that Pars Tarava has designed specialized electroporation devices that are well-suited to these paddle electrodes, and they can be used directly with the company’s advanced electroporation systems.

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Specialized Applications of Paddle Electrodes

Paddle electrodes are designed for a variety of applications in gene transfer, including both in vitro and in vivo contexts.

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Gene Transfer to Embryos in Laboratory Conditions (In Vitro Embryo Gene Delivery)

In gene transfer to embryos in laboratory conditions (In Vitro Embryo Gene Delivery), these electrodes are suitable for both in vivo applications and gene transfer into embryos in the lab environment. In this process, electrodes are placed on either side of a mouse embryo after injecting the desired molecule, and an electrical pulse is applied via the electroporation device. The electric field generated by the paddle electrode creates temporary pores in the cells, allowing gene entry and expression in muscle tissue to study gene function in muscle regeneration processes. Paddle electrodes are also used for transferring DNA to chick brain slices to study glial cell migration and neurogenesis. The success of this method demonstrates the high potential of electroporation in transfecting various tissues and embryos, beyond just avian embryos.

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In Vivo Gene Delivery

In the context of in vivo gene delivery, these paddle electrodes have been used to target tissues such as muscles and the brain. In one specific study, gene transfer and increased expression of the Hsp70 protein in mouse skeletal muscle demonstrated the role of this protein in regulating vasopressin and TNF during muscle regeneration. These electrodes were also used for transferring DNA to the brains of fetal rats on the fifteenth day of gestation (E15), achieving high-efficiency gene transfer into healthy neural tissue. Compared to alternative methods such as viral techniques or gene guns, electroporation offers lower cost, easier usability, and higher yield and viability.\

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Technical and Operational Advantages

– Pad-like Structure and Non-invasive: The paddle-shaped, non-invasive design of these electrodes creates a wide and uniform contact surface, causing less tissue damage compared to needle-type electrodes. This feature helps preserve cell viability and increases gene transfer efficiency.

– Reusable with Long Lifespan: The reusability and long lifespan (around 1,500 operational pulses) of these electrodes help reduce laboratory costs and eliminate the need for frequent replacements.

– Easy Cleaning: Due to their smooth surface, cleaning these electrodes is simple with mild detergents or alcohol, and they can be sterilized after each use, making them ready for subsequent experiments.

– Compatibility with Electroporation Devices: These electrodes are compatible with various laboratory and clinical electroporation devices, including those manufactured by Pars Tarava, without requiring additional complex equipment.

– Easy Adjustment: These electrodes can be easily mounted and adjusted to the desired spacing using special holders, which increases the repeatability of experiments and improves setup speed.

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Accessories Included with the Product

For ease of use, Pars Tarava provides two special accessories for paddle electrodes:

• Paddle Handle: For better control and easy installation of the electrodes during experiments.
• Paddle Connector Cable: For secure and stable connection of the electrodes to the electroporation device.

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In summary, with their paddle-shaped design and reusability, these electrodes are an efficient and cost-effective option for gene transfer in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Their unique technical features, non-invasive operation, and high durability distinguish them from traditional electrodes, making them a reliable tool for researchers and professionals in the biotechnology field.

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For advice and to purchase any of the company’s products, you can contact us at +98 902 405 1862 via WhatsApp or Email at info@persiantarava.me.